How Does Your Garden Grow? - Leah Chiponis

Part 1
     

        Our plant is growing bigger and adding biomass through cell division, mitosis, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration. This is because the more cells divide the more the plant grows because there are more and more cells.
          Through cell division in plants, the cells are in the tissues, so if cells keep duplicating, the more space they will take up. Also with cell division, through mitosis, all of the material like DNA that the cell had was duplicated, therefore, expanding the plant. Through mitosis, all organisms included in a cell are copied, and keep on replicating, taking up space in the plant. DNA replication takes place during mitosis, so there is DNA being constantly added to the plant, forcing it to grow bigger. From interphase all the way through to cytokinesis, the mass is constantly growing larger because of mitosis and the two identical daughter cells being created. During interphase and prophase, the spindle fibers that were bundled up start to pread part and in metaphase, the spindle fibers pull chromosomes to the center of the cell. In anaphase, the sister chromatids start to pull apart to the opposite poles in the cell. During telophase, the cell start to pinch in the center and there are two new nuclei forming. Finally, in cytokinesis, the two identical daughter cells are formed, both containing a new nucleus, therefore, taking up space and causing a plant to grow.
         
          During photosynthesis, with a combination of the sun, CO2, and water, that the plant absorbs, it can create its own food and it can produce sugar. because of this, with the food, amount of sugar, and material that this plant is producing, it is growing because of the fuel that it has been provided with. Also, if the plant isn´t fully surrounded by other plants, it would make it easier to grow and expand with photosynthesis, because if the plant wants to grow, it needs to have space to thrive through these processes, along with the food that fuels the plant during photosynthesis.
       
          Through cellular respiration, a plant uses sugar and oxygen to create CO2, water, and energy. When the plant creates the energy, all of the resources used and made help the plant grow and thrive, and as cellular respiration and photosynthesis are similar, the energy that is made in the cellular respiration process increases the size of a plant. It is the opposite of photosynthesis because of how cellular respiration takes the food that photosynthesis produces, and it use those products of photosynthesis to create energy for the plant to grow. That is how these four main parts of life are used to help our plants grow.

Part 2
          Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), are two important enzymes that if they are sent back to the nucleus, they would be pretty quick to make. This is because, in order to create the enzymes, it would be the last step in translation, so right after they are made, the process would happen all over again right after, due to the making of proteins from amino acids as the result of Central Dogma. Although the process starts over again right after the enzymes are made, there is still a lot that happens in between. The DNA has to split in half and find its complimentary RNA strand, through transcription, and after that, the mRNA has to take the data to the ribosome. In the ribosomes, the codons are translated into proteins from amino acids. Because of this, the enzymes will be made, because enzymes are proteins, which are being made as the codons are grouped between he DNA and RNA, and the process will repeat. In this case, it would take a large amount of time for the enzyme to be made from our plants because the long process of Central Dogma.